The difference in transmission performance between 5G industrial routers and 4G industrial routers

The difference in transmission performance between 5G industrial routers and 4G industrial routers

As the world continues to develop in the direction of intelligence, the entire social ecosystem is increasingly dependent on IoT technology and communication technology. As a path channel connecting different networks, industrial routers provide a more solid and stable network transmission signal for various fields through the integration and development of 5G technology. Nowadays, industrial routers have been widely used in smart grids, smart transportation, smart homes, smart buildings, etc. In the field of connection, there are two modes of 2.4G and 5G in the connection frequency band. So how should we distinguish between 2.4G industrial routers and 5G industrial routers? What are the characteristics of 5G industrial routers?

Comparison of 4G and 5G industrial routers:

The advantages of 4G: long transmission distance, strong anti-attenuation ability, and good wall penetration ability. The disadvantage is: the free frequency band in the industrial, scientific, and medical fields, many devices in life are in this frequency band, such as Bluetooth, microwave ovens, remote controls, etc., resulting in congestion of the 2.4G channel.

The advantages of 5G: it provides a larger bandwidth, which can enhance the throughput of data, the 5G frequency band suffers less interference and the transmission speed is faster. The disadvantages are: poor penetration and short coverage distance. Now most smart devices still support 2.4G and do not support 5G.

2.4G single antenna is 40MHZ (router can be set to 20M, 40M bandwidth) bandwidth, up to 150M bandwidth. More than dual antenna 2.4G is 300M. 5GB single antenna, 40MHZ, up to 300M bandwidth, and 5G supports VHT80, in this mode, a single day 5G can reach 433M bandwidth. If it can provide 866M bandwidth performance under 80MHZ.

Why is the wall penetration effect of the 5G industrial router signal worse than that of the 2.4G industrial router?

When the distance to the router is the same, the 5G signal is weaker than the 2.4G signal, which is determined by the physical characteristics of electromagnetic waves: the longer the wavelength, the less attenuation, and it is easier to bypass obstacles and continue to propagate. The 5G signal has a high frequency and short wavelength, while the 2.4G signal has a low frequency and a long wavelength. Therefore, the 5G signal has a greater attenuation when passing through obstacles, and the wall penetration ability is weaker than that of the 2.4G signal. This is the case with all dual-band wireless routers.

Note: The following is the loss formula for 2.4G and 5.8G propagation in free space (where F is the frequency, the unit is MHz; D is the distance, the unit is km)

The attenuation formula of wireless electromagnetic waves in free space: L=32.5+20lgF+20lgD.

The attenuation formula for 2.4G frequency band: L1=100+20lgD;

The attenuation formula for the 5.8G frequency band: L2=108+20lgD.

It can be seen from the above formula that the attenuation of 5.8G is higher than that of 2.4G, and the corresponding coverage distance is smaller.